The colon is the
largest part of the intestine, which is an organ that is located within the
abdominal cavity. Benign and malignant tumours can develop in the colon like in
any other organ. Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide with the
same proportion of men and women suffering from it. The age of fifty is the most
common age in which this type of cancer emerges at however, it could also
appear at earlier ages.
SYMPTOMS
Even though colon
cancer can be unnoticed as it can rarely present any symptoms, it is important
to take immediate action when they do emerge.
The most important
symptoms are:
1. Faeces with red or
dark blood
2. Changes in
intestinal habits for more than a period of three weeks such as diarrhoea or
constipation
3. Going from having
normal faeces to very thin faeces
4. Permanent abdominal
pain or pain when defecating
5. Inflamed abdomen producing
a constant feeling of fullness
6. Feeling as though
intestinal emptiness is not completed
7. Waking up with
abdominal pain during the night
8. Anaemia without any
apparent cause
9. Tiredness
10. Weakness
11. An inexplicable
loss of weight
12. Shortness of
breath
13. Dizziness
DIAGNOSIS
- Colonoscopy or colon endoscopy
When completing this test,
a sample or biopsy of the lesion or the found polyp is taken. This is the main
test that is used to diagnose this type of cancer.
Other tests include:
- Virtual colonoscopy
- Sigmoidoscopy
- CT scan
- MRI Scan
- Etc
TREATMENT
- Surgery
- Chemotherapy
- Radiotherapy
- Immunotherapy
- Others
Preventive measures
are so important that we will be exploring them separately in the next article.
Dr J. Hurtado Martínez
Medical Director of
HealthSalus