Diabetes. Warning Symptoms.

Diabetes is a worrying illness that according to the World Health Organisation (WHO), is suffered by 8.5% of the world’s population or in other words, approximately 108 million people.

Diabetes takes place when our blood sugar levels increase and it presents itself in two forms, one within children and adolescents (Type 1 Diabetes) and the other in adults (Type 2 Diabetes).

Type 1 Diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not produce insulin and Type 2 Diabetes takes place when the insulin that is produced by the pancreas does not work.

Having a poor diet, genetic predisposition, obesity, lack of exercise, etc. are all main risk factors for diabetes, especially Type 2 Diabetes, which is more commonly found in adults.

Type 1 Diabetes is caused by the elimination of the pancreas by the immune system.

Warning symptoms:

• A disproportionate increase in appetite.

• An intense thirst that is never satiated.

• ‘Polyuria’ or a continuous production of urine even during the night.

• Weight loss, exhaustion and tiredness.

• Urinary infections.

• An abundant production of ketone bodies, which gives urine the smell of ammonia.

• The emergence of illnesses caused by fungi such as ‘Candidiasis’, which shows through ‘rhagades’ or lesions in the corners of the mouth as well as genital infections.

• Gradual blurry vision due to the retina being affected.

• A loss of feeling and numbness in fingers and toes.

• Injuries and scrapes that do not heal in an appropriate amount of time.

These symptoms can present themselves more or less frequently, however, the sudden appearance of the first three symptoms listed above in children will be classified as a medical emergency due to the extreme gravity of the situation.

Prediabetes consists of an increase in glycaemia and presents minor symptoms without leading to diabetes however, we can prevent it from developing into diabetes by just putting a number of basic measures in place such as a healthy diet and exercise.

Lastly, I want to give a warning regarding the thyroid and diabetes.

Recent studies have shown that there is a connection between the two so, it is recommended that a study of the thyroid gland be completed when faced with symptoms of diabetes or prediabetes.

Dr J. Hurtado Martínez

Medical Director of HealthSalus